Strictly, a relational database is a collection of relations (frequently called tables). Other items are frequently considered part of the database, as they help to organize and structure the data, in addition to forcing the database to conform to a set of requirements.
Relations or tables
Main article: Constraint Constraints
Main article: data domain Data domain
Main article: Superkey Keys
Main article: Foreign key Foreign keys
Main article: Transition constraint Transition constraints
Other constraints of various different kinds can be created to enforce various kinds of business rules. They can be as simple as "the number of cars an individual owns must be non-negative" or complex patterns like "If the work that an employee performs is 'Hazardous Materials Transport' then that employee's age must be at least 18 years, and the employee's certifications must include 'Hazmat endorsement', and company insurance for that employee must include life insurance."
Other constraints
Other constraints of various different kinds can be created to enforce various kinds of business rules. They can be as simple as "the number of cars an individual owns must be non-negative" or complex patterns like "If the work that an employee performs is 'Hazardous Materials Transport' then that employee's age must be at least 18 years, and the employee's certifications must include 'Hazmat endorsement', and company insurance for that employee must include life insurance."
Other constraints
Main articles: Relvar and View (database) Relvars
Main article: Stored procedure Stored procedures
Main article: Index (database) Relational operations
Main article: Database normalization
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